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+---
+title: 一套通用的响应式布局
+tags:
+  - 前端
+  - CSS
+  - Less
+  - 响应式布局
+  - Responsive
+  - Flex
+categories:
+  - - 前端
+    - CSS
+date: 2021-04-27 14:49:29
+---
+
+响应式布局通常都是使用`@media`媒体查询来完成，但是要实现每一套查询都需要编写大量重复的CSS代码，借用Less预处理器提供的函数功能，可以非常有效的将它们抽象出来。<!--more-->
+
+## 公共函数代码
+
+```less 公共布局函数
+.flex(@media) {
+    display: flex;
+    &.row-@{media} {
+        flex-direction: row;
+    }
+    &.row-@{media}-inv {
+        flex-direction: row-reverse;
+    }
+    &.col-@{media} {
+        flex-direction: column;
+    }
+    &.col-@{media}-inv {
+        flex-direction: column-reverse;
+    }
+    @main-axis-align: {
+        start: flex-start;
+        center: center;
+        end: flex-end;
+        space: space-around;
+        even: space-evenly;
+        between: space-between;
+        baseline: baseline;
+    }
+    each(@main-axis-align, {
+        &.rm-@{key}-@{media} {
+            justify-content: @value;
+        }
+        &.cm-@{key}-@{media} {
+            align-content: @value;
+        }
+    });
+    @cross-axis-align: {
+        start: flex-start;
+        center: center;
+        end: flex-end;
+        stretch: stretch;
+        baseline: baseline;
+    }
+    each(@cross-axis-align, {
+        &.rc-@{key}-@{media} {
+            align-items: @value;
+        }
+        .as-@{key}-@{media} {
+            align-self: @value;
+        }
+    });
+    each(range(1, 10), .(@i) {
+        .extend-@{i}-@{media} {
+            flex-grow: @i;
+        }
+        .shrink-@{i}-@{media} {
+            flex-shrink: @i;
+        }
+    });
+    @special-width: {
+        min: min-content;
+        max: max-content;
+        fit: fit-content;
+    };
+    each(@special-width, {
+        .w-@{key}-@{media} {
+            width: @value;
+        }
+    });
+    @basis-percent: 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, 24;
+    each(@basis-percent, .(@max) {
+        each(range(1, @max), .(@i) {
+            .b-@{i}-@{max}-@{media} {
+                flex-basis: percentage(@i / @max);
+            }
+            .w-@{i}-@{max}-@{media} {
+                width: percentage(@i / @max);
+            }
+        });
+    });
+    @wrap-modes: {
+        none: nowrap;
+        wrap: wrap;
+        inv: wrap-reverse; 
+    }
+    each(@wrap-modes, {
+        &.w-@{key}-@{media} {
+            flex-wrap: @value;
+        }
+    })
+}
+```
+
+## 使用方法
+
+假设上面这段Less代码存放在`common.less`文件里，那么可以构建出以下响应式样式定义。
+
+```less 响应式样式定义
+@import "common.less";
+
+/* 全局样式部分 */
+.flex {
+    .flex(a);
+}
+
+/* 小尺寸屏幕样式 */
+@media screen and (max-width: 639px) {
+    .flex {
+        .flex(s);
+    }
+}
+
+/* 中等尺寸屏幕样式 */
+@media screen and (min-width: 640px) and (max-width: 959px) {
+    .flex {
+        .flex(m);
+    }
+}
+
+/* 大尺寸屏幕样式 */
+@media screen and (min-width: 960px) {
+    .flex {
+        .flex(l);
+    }
+}
+```
+
+## HTML示例
+
+下面通过一个简单的HTML示例，来说明这段响应式布局的使用。这个HTML示例可以达到小屏幕采用纵向排列，中等屏幕采用水平可换行排列，大屏幕采用水平不换行排列，所有元素均采用两端对齐。
+
+```html 响应式布局示例
+<div class="flex col-n row-a w-wrap-m rm-between-a rc-center-a">
+    <div class="squre w-2-2-n w-1-3-m w-2-12-l">Squre 1</div>
+    <div class="squre w-2-2-n w-1-3-m w-2-12-l">Squre 2</div>
+    <div class="squre w-2-2-n w-1-3-m w-2-12-l">Squre 3</div>
+    <div class="squre w-2-2-n w-1-3-m w-2-12-l">Squre 4</div>
+    <div class="squre w-2-2-n w-1-3-m w-2-12-l">Squre 5</div>
+    <div class="squre w-2-2-n w-1-3-m w-2-12-l">Squre 6</div>
+</div>
+```
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